{"id":79,"date":"2021-05-16T16:06:37","date_gmt":"2021-05-16T14:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/?page_id=79"},"modified":"2024-02-16T11:39:18","modified_gmt":"2024-02-16T10:39:18","slug":"enfance-et-education","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/?page_id=79","title":{"rendered":"Histoire"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover has-background-dim\" style=\"background-image:url(http:\/\/garein.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/garein-village01.jpg);background-position:39% 61%;min-height:50px\"><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-white-color has-text-color has-text-vertical-align\" style=\"font-size:40px\"><strong>L&#8217; HISTOIRE DE GAREIN<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#dcb414\"><strong><strong><strong>Philippe Sartre partage son exp\u00e9rience sur la revitalisation du centre-bourg de Garein.<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group .centered-thing { position: absolute; margin: auto; top: 50%; left: transform: translate(-50%, -50%); }\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube aligncenter wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Je revitalise mon centre-bourg ! #7 : Philippe SARTRE, maire, Garein (Landes)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RgTB_Pm6wZM?start=1&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:41% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"476\" height=\"260\" src=\"http:\/\/garein.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/landes_echassiers.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-865\" srcset=\"http:\/\/garein.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/landes_echassiers.jpg 476w, http:\/\/garein.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/landes_echassiers-300x164.jpg 300w, http:\/\/garein.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/landes_echassiers-474x260.jpg 474w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Le d\u00e9partement des Landes \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 la&nbsp;R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise&nbsp;le&nbsp;4&nbsp;mars&nbsp;1790&nbsp;en application de la loi du&nbsp;22&nbsp;d\u00e9cembre&nbsp;1789, \u00e0 partir d&#8217;une partie de la&nbsp;province&nbsp;de&nbsp;Guyenne&nbsp;et&nbsp;Gascogne. Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, diverses entit\u00e9s territoriales h\u00e9rit\u00e9es de l&#8217;Ancien R\u00e9gime&nbsp;ont alors \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9unies, ce qui conf\u00e8re \u00e0 ce territoire administratif une certaine h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 entre la&nbsp;Chalosse&nbsp;agricole, plut\u00f4t tourn\u00e9e vers le&nbsp;B\u00e9arn, et la for\u00eat plus proche de la&nbsp;Gironde.<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:GintracLandes.jpg?uselang=fr\"><\/a>Jean-Louis Gintrac&nbsp;(1808-1886)&nbsp;<em>Habitants des Landes<\/em><br>Mus\u00e9e des Beaux-Arts (Bordeaux).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Cette lande \u00e9tait entretenue par&nbsp;\u00e9cobuage&nbsp;afin de pourvoir en nourriture les grands troupeaux de&nbsp;moutons&nbsp;(entre 900&nbsp;000 et 1 million de b\u00eates en&nbsp;1850), surveill\u00e9s par des&nbsp;bergers&nbsp;mont\u00e9s sur des&nbsp;\u00e9chasses&nbsp;; l&#8217;usage de ces derni\u00e8res permettait d&#8217;accomplir plus facilement de grandes distances (15 \u00e0 20 kilom\u00e8tres par jour), tout en surveillant le troupeau, du fait d&#8217;une quasi absence de relief. Avant la&nbsp;loi relative \u00e0 l&#8217;assainissement et de mise en culture des Landes de Gascogne&nbsp;du 19 juin 1857, le r\u00e9gime agropastoral est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9&nbsp;: il puise sa force dans le libre usage des&nbsp;communaux&nbsp;majoritaires. Puis la syst\u00e9matisation des plantations de&nbsp;pins&nbsp;(exploit\u00e9s pour leur&nbsp;r\u00e9sine&nbsp;et leur&nbsp;bois), accompagn\u00e9e de la vente des&nbsp;communaux&nbsp;durant la deuxi\u00e8me moiti\u00e9 du&nbsp;<abbr title=\"19\u1d49 si\u00e8cle\">xix<sup>e<\/sup><\/abbr>&nbsp;si\u00e8cle, a compl\u00e8tement modifi\u00e9 le paysage et l&#8217;\u00e9conomie des deux tiers du d\u00e9partement, tout en contribuant \u00e0 son enrichissement rapide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jusqu&#8217;au&nbsp;1<sup>er<\/sup>&nbsp;janvier 2016&nbsp;le d\u00e9partement des Landes faisait partie de l&#8217;ancienne r\u00e9gion&nbsp;Aquitaine.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Philippe Sartre partage son exp\u00e9rience sur la revitalisation du centre-bourg de Garein.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-full-width.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/79"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=79"}],"version-history":[{"count":81,"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/79\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1819,"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/79\/revisions\/1819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/garein.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=79"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}